In response to this event, you might move slowly away from the bear in order to escape (goal-directed behavior). Your fear in turn activates a fight-or-flight response. You would probably think you were in danger (cognition), which would cause you to feel fear (emotion). Emotion plays an important role in terms of survival, and it influences both cognition and behavior.įor example, imagine you were in the woods and you encountered a bear (threatening event). They not only evolve over time, they are adaptive in order to improve various aspects of our lives, such as our happiness and social abilities. Because of this, emotions tend to be far more complex than most people realize.įor each of us, our emotions have a lengthy evolutionary history throughout our lives. While he identified only eight basic emotions, you can see from the wheel that there are different degrees which create a wide spectrum of emotions. Plutchik created the wheel of emotions to illustrate the various relationships among emotions. By definition, an emotion is any relatively brief conscious experience characterized by intense mental activity and a high degree of either pleasure or displeasure. For example, we may describe pain as the state of feeling unhappiness or displeasure. When we think about our emotions, we tend to think of them as related to our feelings. An example of this would be the way in which fear triggers the fight-or-flight response. He believed that each of these emotions had the ability to be the trigger of types of behavior with high survival value. He proposed that these primary emotions are biologically primitive and have evolved over time in order to increase the reproductive fitness of humans. Plutchik suggested that there were eight basic emotions anger, fear, sadness, disgust, surprise, anticipation, trust and joy. Robert Plutchik was a psychologist who developed a psychoevolutionary theory of emotion, considered one of the most influential classification approaches for general emotional responses.
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